The probability of observation strongly favours the Boreal Softwood Shield and major features of the Manitoba Escarpment however, it is difficult to infer much beyond the species' obvious affinity for the boreal forest. Reliable abundance estimates were not obtained for this species, because of low overall detection rates on roadside counts and the occasional inclusion of non-breeding concentrations in point-count totals. Detection in 11% of Prairie Potholes squares was concentrated mainly near the boreal/parkland fringes, but included confirmed breeding at several locations well outside the boreal forest, sometimes involving use of Wood Duck nesting boxes.
Overall detection was most frequent in the boreal forest, varying between 33% and 45% of surveyed squares with ≥3 hours of effort in most regions, but falling to 19% in the Taiga Shield & Hudson Plains.
Birds breeding east of Saskatchewan migrate mainly towards the Atlantic coast (Baldassarre 2014), though many winter on inland waters, a few even in southern Manitoba (mostly on the Winnipeg River). and limited portions of southern Canada, but extends coastally as far north as the Aleutians and Newfoundland southern wintering limits are in northern Mexico. Conversely the winter range includes most of the conterminous U.S.A. The almost circumpolar breeding range includes most of Canada and Alaska south of Arctic regions, and extends slightly into the northernmost conterminous U.S.A. Lively courting parties are a special spring sight as the ice leaves Manitoba's boreal rivers and lakes.
Brown-headed, grey-bodied females are best identified by their proportions and wing markings in flight. The black-and-white breeding male's dark, glossy head has a large, rounded white spot near the bill. Known as "whistler" for the sound of its wings, the Common Goldeneye is a medium-sized diving duck with a stout bill. Bird Conservation Regions Arctic Plains and Mountains
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